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2、Triumph
凯旋庆典
In ancient Rome, a triumph was an extraordinarily special ritual, a parade saved for a victorious general, and the highest honor that could be bestowed on a military man. (Although, the rite was abused in the later years of the Republic, with the aristocracy vying to outdo each other.) Various requirements, including a kill count, were set and the entire thing had to be approved, as well as paid for, by the Senate. When the Republic fell, all triumphs went to the Emperor, as he was seen as the commander-in-chief and all military honors went to him.
在古罗马时期，庆祝胜利的仪式是一种十分特殊的典礼，是一场为得胜归来的将军进行的游行，也是授予一个军人的最高荣誉。（然而，在古罗马共和国的后期，由于贵族们相互之间的竞争，这种仪式被滥用了。）进行这种仪式必须要具备许多条件，包括杀敌数目；所有的事情必须由元老院批准、支付费用。当古罗马崩溃之后，所有的庆祝仪式都被用于皇帝个人，因为皇帝是总司令，所有的军队荣誉都归于皇帝个人。
Basically, a long parade took place in Rome. Members of the Senate, musicians, sacrificial animals, and prisoners walked in front of the general, who had a gold crown held over his head by a slave. Bringing up the rear were his fellow soldiers, who traditionally sang songs poking fun at their commander; this was believed to ward off the evil eye. It culminated in the sacrifice of animals at the Temple of Jupiter, as well as the killing of the prisoners of war.
一般，在古罗马一个游行队伍都很长。队伍中元老院的成员、音乐家、用于祭祀的动物和囚犯们走在将军的前面。将军的金冠在他的头顶上方由一个奴隶拿着。殿后的是将军的士兵。按照传统这些士兵唱着歌曲来作弄他们的指挥官，人们相信这样做可以避开能伤害人的恶毒眼光（恶魔之眼）。仪式的最后，人们在朱庇特神庙里用动物进行献祭，同时杀掉战俘。
