The Antarctic Continent: South Park. The Economist June 15th, 2013 Antarctica is the only continent where there has never been war. No military activity is allowed there and scientific research is a priority. Defined as all of the land and ice shelves south of latitude 60 degrees south, the 5.5m square miles (14.2m square km) of the world's coldest, driest, windiest and most remote landmass are protected by the Antarctic Treaty, which came into force in June 1961 and designated the land "a natural reserve, devoted to peace and science". It was not always so, writes David Day, an author, historian and research associate at La Trobe University in Melbourne.