[page]听力文本[/page]

One DC Newspaper Is All About the Homeless

DOUG JOHNSON: Welcome to AMERICAN MOSAIC in VOA Special English.

(MUSIC)

I'm Doug Johnson.

This week we play music by Gorillaz.

And answer a question from Vietnam about Secretary of State Hillary Clinton.

But first, we tell about a Washington, D.C., newspaper of the homeless, by the homeless and for the homeless.

(MUSIC)

Street Sense

DOUG JOHNSON: Street Sense is a newspaper in Washington, D.C. about homeless people and issues that affect them. Homeless, or formerly homeless, Washingtonians write many of the articles. The newspaper's business model is based on homeless vendors who sell the newspaper. You can hear them call out "Street Sense for Sale" near subway entrances, lunch places and other areas around the city.

Mario Ritter has more.

MARIO RITTER: The Street Sense newspaper is housed in an office in a Christian church in Washington. Every other Wednesday about fourteen thousand copies are printed. The newspaper expresses the thoughts and experiences of people who call the streets home.

Four staff members work at Street Sense. Two of them are paid. The staff members write the first two pages of the paper. Interns -- students working as part of their studies -- and volunteers help. Homeless writers provide the rest of the material. This includes poems, stories and essays.

Mary Otto is the editor of Street Sense. She came to the paper from the Washington Post newspaper. She had won a year-long fellowship at Harvard University for writing about the homeless.

MARY OTTO: "Some people are homeless for a few days and some are homeless for most of their lives."

Mary Otto says severe mental disorders prevent many homeless people from seeking shelter. Such problems can also block them from having close relationships with other people.

Street Sense provides training to the homeless people who want to become part of the sales team. After the training, each student is given ten free copies of Street Sense. Once those are sold, trainees become real sales people. They buy papers for thirty-five cents each and sell them for a dollar.

Lisa Gillespie is the managing editor of Street Sense. She says the newspaper plays a part in homeless people's lives that other media can not.

LISA GILLESPIE: "The mainstream media does not usually cover poverty or homelessness too much, unless someone dies or there's a big rally or something."

(NATURAL SOUND/Veeda Singing)

Veeda Simpson has been selling Street Sense for four years. She has a group of usual buyers.

The people like the paper and Ms. Simpson's voice. Now, she and her eight cats have a home.

Critics say Street Sense is an excuse for the homeless to remain homeless. But the sales people say it permits them to be active and earn money while being their own employer.

Hillary Clinton

Our listener question this week comes from Vietnam. Twenty-three year old Nguyen Thanh Do wants to know about the political life of Hillary Clinton.

Hillary Diane Rodham began her political career as a student in Park Ridge, Illinois, near Chicago. It was there that she served as class president of her high school. She was also a member of the student council, the debate team and the National Honor Society.

Hillary continued to be interested in politics as a student at Wellesley College for women in Massachusetts. She began college as a Republican. She even served for a short time as President of the College Republicans.

But, she soon resigned her position after realizing that many of her beliefs were not in agreement with Republican principles. She became a loyal Democrat soon after.

Hillary Rodham was president of her graduating class at Wellesley in nineteen sixty nine. She was the first student ever to give the school's graduation speech. Hillary went on to study law at Yale Law School in Connecticut. It was there that she met Bill Clinton. The two were married in nineteen seventy five.

Hillary Clinton has been a strong supporter of women's rights and issues involving children and families. She has also been a champion of health care reform.

In the seventies, she was a member of the presidential impeachment committee in the Watergate corruption investigation of President Richard M. Nixon.

She went on to become a successful lawyer and an assistant professor at the University of Arkansas, School of Law. Mrs. Clinton served as First Lady of the Arkansas for twelve years after Bill Clinton became governor.

During that time, she worked to improve the education system in Arkansas and served on the Children's Defense Fund and the Arkansas Advocates for Children and Families, an organization that she helped create.

She became the First Lady of the United States in nineteen ninety-three. In nineteen ninety seven she helped launched the Vital Voices Democracy Initiative to promote the leadership of women as a foreign policy goal.

In two thousand, Hillary Clinton became the first First Lady ever elected to the United States Senate. And, in two thousand eight, she carried out an historic campaign for president.

President Obama later nominated Hillary Clinton as Secretary of State. The Secretary has traveled the world spreading the message of democracy and human rights for all, but especially women. She says women's rights are human rights are one in the same.

Gorillaz ‘The Fall'

DOUG JOHNSON: Gorillaz is a band led by British musician Damon Albarn. All of the songs on their newest album "The Fall" were recorded using Apple's iPad device. The album was recorded during the band's North American tour, October third to November second. Many of the songs reflect the place where the music was recorded.

Shirley Griffith tells us more.

(MUSIC)

SHIRLEY GIRIFFITH: That was the song "Revolving Doors." It was recorded in Boston, Massachusetts. Damn Albarn is the only permanent member of Gorillaz. He created the band with the comic book artist Jamie Hewlett. Other band members change periodically depending on the album performance.

The Fall is unusual because it was not recorded using a sound studio. Gorillaz used an iPad and about twenty iPad programs, or "apps," to make the album. Some songs also include tradition instruments such as the guitar, piano and several kinds of electronic instruments.

"The Parish of Space Dust" was recorded in Houston, Texas. It includes recordings of several local radio stations.

(MUSIC)

Imaginary characters are an important part of Gorillaz performances. When the band performs, images of cartoon characters are shown on huge screens. These characters are considered the band's virtual band members. They include Noodle, 2D, and Murdoc Niccals. Fans can explore the lives of these characters on the Gorillaz website.

We leave you with "Bobby in Phoenix." Soul musician Bobby Womack sings and plays the guitar in this song recorded in Phoenix, Arizona.

(MUSIC)

DOUG JOHNSON: I'm Doug Johnson. Our program was written by June Simms, Dana Demange and Caty Weaver who was also the producer.

If you have a question about American life, write to mosaic@voanews.com. We might answer your question on this show. So please include your name and country.

Join us again next week for AMERICAN MOSAIC, VOA's radio magazine in Special English.

[page]词汇学习[/page]

1.vendor n.摊贩;小贩

例句：Kevin stopped to buy the evening paper from a news vendor.
      凯文停下来向报贩买了一份晚报。

2.mainstream n.(思想或行为的)主流

例句：Their views lie outside the mainstream of current medical opinion.
      他们的观点不属于当今医学界观点的主流。

3.impeachment n.弹劾

例句：The verdict resulting from his impeachment destroyed his political career.
      他遭弹劾后得到的判决毁了他的政治生涯。

4.periodically adv.周期性地

例句：Economic crises recur periodically.
      经济危机周期性地发生。

5.perform v.表演; 扮演

例句：He performed well under pressure.
      他在压力之下表现得很好。

[page]短语学习[/page]

1.Every other Wednesday about fourteen thousand copies are printed.

every other隔, 间

例句：She visited him in hospital every other day.
      她每隔一天到医院去看望他。

      We have English lessons every other day.
      我们每隔一天有英语课。

2.It was there that she served as class president of her high school.

it强调句型

it强调句型的构成：
　　It+be+被强调部分+that(强调部分指人做主语时时用who，指人做宾语时用whom)+句子的其他部分。
　　例如：
　　Mary met an old beggar in the street yesterday.
　　It was Mary who/that met an old beggar in the street yesterday.
　　(强调主语)
　　It was an old beggar whom/that Mary met in the street yesterday.(强调宾语)
　　It was yesterday that Mary met an old beggar in the street.(强调时间状语)
　　It was in the street that Mary met an old beggar yesterday.(强调地点状语)
　　注意：it强调句型不能强调句子的谓语。

3.And, in two thousand eight, she carried out an historic campaign for president.

carry out执行; 贯彻

例句：He carried out the plan in very detail.
      他一丝不苟地执行那项计划。

      If you make a promise, it should be carried out.
      你许了诺言, 就一定要兑现。