[page]听力文本[/page]
Indian Aviation Recovers After Global Economic Downturn
The Indian aviation industry is rebounding from the financial difficulties it faced during global economic downturn. The country's domestic carriers are expected to buy hundreds of planes in the coming years to cope with the growth in air travel.
As air passenger traffic dropped by 30 per cent in 2009, many Indian domestic carriers put expansion plans on hold and slashed staff salaries. Cash-strapped airlines even asked for a government bailout. 
But in the past year, the aviation industry has recovered from the crisis triggered by the global financial downturn. As the economy returns to a high growth path, flights are again filling with passengers, and domestic carriers are posting profits.
The first concrete signal that the industry is back on its feet came in early January, when private carrier IndiGo placed a $15 billion order for 180 aircraft with Airbus. It is the largest single order of Airbus planes and is expected to be delivered between 2016 and 2025.
Besides IndiGo, other airlines also plan to buy new planes to cope with growing demand.
Aviation experts say the orders are an indication of the potential growth of the industry.
Sanat Kaul is chairman of the International Foundation for Aviation and Development in India and a former top official in the aviation ministry. He says if fares remain competitive, low-cost airlines will entice millions of rail passengers to switch to air travel.
"There are all the signs that there will be very high growth in passenger traffic," Kaul said. "Slowly, slowly as people get addicted to flying, they will slowly and slowly not take railways for long journeys."
It is estimated that over the next 20 years India will buy 1,150 commercial jets valued at $130 billion to cater to the growing demand in the country. By that time, about 180 million passengers are expected to fly annually.
Kaul says the industry could expand hugely if airlines begin operations to smaller, so-called Tier 3 towns.
"Our growth is metro-based growth...regional growth is yet to come," he added. "Regional growth is essentially when Tier 3 towns start using aircrafts and airlines start going there."
About a dozen domestic carriers began operations in India about a decade ago to take advantage of a booming economy, which created a huge middle class in India. Until then, India's aviation sector was dominated by state-owned airlines.
[page]参考翻译[/page]
由于2009年空中乘客运输量下降了30%，印度许多国内航空公司暂时搁置了扩展业务计划，并削减了员工工资。陷入资金困境的航空公司甚至要求政府救助。
但是过去的一年，航空行业走出了由全球经济低迷引发的危机。由于全球经济回到了高速发展的轨道，航班再次满客，国内航班开始报告盈利。
航空行业重新兴盛起来的第一个具体迹象在1月份初期出现，私营航空公司IndiGo预订了价值150亿美元的180架空客飞机。这是空客公司接到的单笔最大的订单，预期将在2016年至2025年期间交付。
除了IndiGo之外，其他航空公司也计划购买新的飞机来满足不断增长的需求。
航空专家表示，订单是该行业潜在的增长的一个表现。
Sanat Kaul是印度国际航空和发展基金会的主席，同时也是航空部门前高级官员。他说，如果费用仍然具有竞争力，低成本的航线将使数百万铁路乘客改乘飞机。
“所有迹象都表明，空中乘客数量将会出现很大的增长。慢慢的，人们对搭乘飞机上瘾之后，他们会慢慢地不再乘火车进行长途旅行。”
据估计，未来的20年，印度会购买价值1300亿美元的1,150架商用客机来满足不断增长的需求。届时，每年估计将有1.8亿名乘客搭乘飞机。
Kaul表示，如果航空公司开始向较小的三线城市发动航班，航空业将会出现巨大的发展。
“我们的增长是基于城市的增长，区域式的增长还没有到来。当三线城市开始使用飞机，航班开始到达这些地方的时候，区域增长是必须的。”
十年前，快速发展的经济催生了印度大量的中产阶级，十多家航空公司以此为契机进入印度市场。自那时起，印度的航空部门已经被国有航空公司控制。
[page]词汇学习[/page]
1.trigger vt.触发,发射,引起
例句：The incident triggered an armed clash.
这起事件触发了一场武装冲突。
2.besides prep.(表示排斥)除…之外(还有)
例句：He had other people to take care of besides me.
除了我以外, 他还需要照料其他人。
3.indication n.指示, 表示
例句：Did he give you any indication of his feelings?
他向你表示了自己的感情了吗?
4.entice vt.诱使；引诱
例句：An attempt is being made to entice otters back to the river.
人们正试图把水獭引诱回河里去。
Higher education grants are a carrot with which to entice students.
高等教育的助学金是吸引学生的诱惑物。
5.addict vi.使沉溺，使醉心，使成瘾
6.booming adj.急速发展的
7.dominate vt.vi.控制, 支配, 统治,左右,影响
例句：The stronger man dominates the weaker.
强者支配弱者。
[page]内容解析[/page]
1.As air passenger traffic dropped by 30 per cent in 2009, many Indian domestic carriers put expansion plans on hold and slashed staff salaries.
put on hold延期、暂停
例句：It is time to put love on hold.
该是把爱情暂时搁下的时候了。
2.The first concrete signal that the industry is back on its feet came in early January, when private carrier IndiGo placed a $15 billion order for 180 aircraft with Airbus.
back on its feet重新站稳脚跟，重新兴盛起来
例句：Put the business back on its feet after years of mismanagement.
这几年管理失误，现在该让业务正常运转起来了。
3.Besides IndiGo, other airlines also plan to buy new planes to cope with growing demand.
cope with对付…
例句：I cannot cope with that boy; he is stubborn.
我对付不了那个孩子, 他很固执。
Do not imagine that you can cope with all the problems.
别以为你能处理所有这些问题。
4.He says if fares remain competitive, low-cost airlines will entice millions of rail passengers to switch to air travel.
switch to 切换到;转到,转变成
例句：Shall we switch to another channel?
我们换一个频道好吗？
5.It is estimated that over the next 20 years India will buy 1,150 commercial jets valued at $130 billion to cater to the growing demand in the country.
cater to迎合
例句：She refused to cater to his ridiculous demands.
她拒绝想办法迎合他的荒谬的要求。
