艾尚托福阅读，我们一起背单词第6期：TPO20-3

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记住我们的口号：甩掉8000-10000冗长的词汇书，背最有用最需要的单词

今天我们讲解托福TPO20-3 Fossil Preservation 的第7题到第11题需要重点记忆的单词

7. Which of the following best explains the process of permineralizaition mentioned in paragraph 3?
正确答案对应原文：
In such cases, the original composition <of the bone or shell> remains, but the fossil is made harder and more durable.
重点单词：
remain v.保留；残存；n. 遗迹；剩余物 （高中）
正确选项：liquid containing chemicals hardens(v.变硬；变坚固) an already existing fossil structure.

8. The word “precise” in the passage is closest in meaning to
原文：
Replacement can be a marvelously precise process, so that details <of shell ornamentation, tree rings in wood, and delicate structures in bone> are accurately preserved.
重点单词：
replacement (replace v.) 更换；代替 （代替）
marvelous adj. 了不起的；非凡的
precise adj. 精确的；准确的 （高中）
delicate adj.微妙的；娇弱的；精美的 （CET4）
accurate adj.准确的 （高中）
选项单词：
A. complex adj. 复杂的；（高中）
B. quick adj. 快速的；迅速的 （初中）
C. exact adj. 准确的（高中）
D. reliable adj. 可靠的 （高中）
precise = exact

9. Paragraph 5 suggests which of the following about the carbonation process?
重点单词：
carbonation n. 碳化作用；碳化 （CET4）
原文：
Another type of fossilization, <known as carbonation>, occurs [when soft tissues are preserved as thin films of carbon]. Leaves and tissue <of soft-bodied organisms> <such as jellyfish or worms> may accumulate, become buried and compressed, and lose their volatile constituents. The carbon often remains behind as a blackened silhouette.
重点单词：
carbon n. 碳 （高中）
accumulate v. 累积；积聚（高中）
compressed adj. 被压缩的；扁平的；（CET4）
volatile adj. 挥发的；不稳定的；爆炸性的 （托福）
constituent n. 成分；构成；选民 （CET6）
A选项：It is completed soon after an organism dies.
B选项：It does not occur in hard-shell organisms.
C选项：It sometimes allows soft-tissued organisms to be preserved with all their parts.
D选项：It is a more precise process of preservation than is replacement.
B选项可以对应原文信息

10. The word “prospect” in the passage is closest in meaning to
原文：
[Although it is certainly true that the procession of hard parts enhances the prospect of preservation], organisms <having soft tissues and organs> are also occasionally preserved.
重点单词：
procession n.／v. 队伍；行列 (CET4)
prospect n. 前途；前景；预期；可能性 （CET4）
tissue n. 组织；纸巾（高中）
organ n. 器官；机构；风琴 （高中）
occasionally adv. 偶尔 （CET4）
选项单词：
A. completion n. 完成
B. variety n. 多样性；多样化
C. possibility n. 可能性
D. speed n. 速度
prospect = possibility

11. According to paragraph 7, how do environments <containing oxygen> affect fossil preservation?
对应原文：
The probability [that actual remains of soft tissue will be preserved] is improved [if the organism dies in an environment of rapid deposition and oxygen deprivation].
重点单词：
remain n. 遗迹；残骸 （CET4）
deposition n. 沉积物 （CET4）
deprivation n. 剥夺；缺乏；贫困 （CET6）
正确选项：they reduce (v.减少；降低) the chance that animal remains will be preserved.

非常开心能跟大家一起分享背单词，我是艾芳如，我们下次再见！