艾尚托福阅读，我们一起背单词第5期：TPO20-3

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记住我们的口号：甩掉8000-10000冗长的词汇书，背最有用最需要的单词

今天我们讲解托福TPO20-3 Fossil Preservation 的第1题到第6题需要重点记忆的单词

1. The word “agencies” in the passage is closest in meaning to
原文：
, chemical decay, and destruction make the odds against preservation very high.
重点单词：
attack v. 攻击；（CET4）
bacteria n. 细菌 （CET4）
decay v/n. 腐烂；腐坏 （CET4）
destruction n. 破坏；毁灭 （CET4）
erosion n. 侵蚀；腐蚀 （CET6）
geologic adj. 地理的；地质的 （CET4）
make the odds against 阻碍
preservation n. 保存；保留 （CET4）
A选项单词：combination n 结合；
B选项单词：problem n. 问题
C选项单词：force n. 力量
D选项单词：change n. 改变
根据语境：agencies=forces

2. In paragraph 1, what is the author’s purpose in providing examples of how organisms are destroyed?
题干单词：
destroy v. 破坏；消灭 （高中）
正确选项对应原文：
[When one considers the many ways [by which organisms are completely destroyed after death]], it is remarkable that fossils are as common as they are。
重点单词：
common adj. 普通的；普遍的 （高中／CET4）
正确选项：to emphasize how surprising it is that so many fossils exist (v. 存在)

3. The word “terrestrial” in the passage is closest in meaning to
原文：
[Although most fossils are found in marine sedimentary rocks], they are also found in terrestrial deposits .
重点单词：
marine adj. 海生的；海产的 （CET4）
sedimentary adj. 沉淀的 （托福）
terrestrial adj. 地球的；陆地的 （托福）
deposit n. 沉淀物；存款；定金 （CET4）
选项单词：
A. land n. 陆地 （初中）
B. protect v. 保护 （高中）
C. alternative adj./n. 供选择；交替
D. similar adj. 相似的
terrestrial = land

4. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage?
原句：
The empty shell of a snail or clam may be left behind, and[ if it is sufficiently durable and resistant to dissolution], it may remain basically unchanged for a long period of time.
重点单词：
sufficiently adv. 充分地；足够地 （CET4）
durable adj. 耐用的；持久的（CET4）
resistant (resist v.) adj. 抵抗的；反抗的 （CET4）
dissolution (dissolve v.) n. 分解；溶解 （CET4）
正确选项：Empty snail or clam shells that strong enough not to dissolve may in their original state for a long time.

5.Why does the author mention “aragonite” in the passage?
正确答案对应的原文：
[Although aragonite has the same composition as the more familiar mineral known as calcite], it has a different crystal form, is relatively unstable, and in time changes to the more stable calcite.
重点单词：
composition n. 构成；成分；作文 （高中）
mineral n. 矿物 （高中）
crystal n. 晶体；水晶 （CET4）
stable adj. 稳定的 （高中）
正确选项：to explain that some marine organisms must undergo chemical changes in order to fossilize. (v. 石化)

6. The word “enhance” in the passage is closest in meaning to
原文：
many other processes may alter the shell of a clam or snail and enhance its changes for preservation.
原文单词：
alter v. 改变；更改 （CET4）
enhance v. 增强；提升；增加
重点单词：
process n. 过程 （高中）
选项单词：
control v. 控制 （高中）
limit v. 限制 （高中）
combine v. 联合 （高中）
increase v. 增加
enhance=increase

非常开心能跟大家一起分享背单词，我是艾芳如，我们下次再见！