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It's no secret that children and play go together.
众所周知，孩子和游戏总是相伴而行。
Like mac n' cheese or peanut butter and jelly, kids and play are a classic combination: you can't have one without the other.
就像通心粉和奶酪、花生酱和果冻一样，孩子和玩耍是一个经典的组合：你不能只有一个而没有另一个。
Play is fun, free, joyous, active, and creative.
游戏是有趣的、自由的、快乐的、活跃的和创造性的。
It's so irresistible that it must serve an important purpose.
这是如此不可抗拒，一定有重要的用途。
Let's explore the power of play for infants, children, teens, and adults and discover how play is foundational to human creativity, problem solving, and empathy.
让我们探索游戏对于婴儿、儿童、青少年和成年人的力量，并发现游戏是如何为人类的创造力、解决问题和同理心奠定基础的。
Even little babies know how to have fun.
即使是小婴儿也知道如何取乐。
Infants enjoy toys like rattles that encourage grasping, shaking, and kicking--actions that develop strength and coordination and spark important neural connections in babies' brains.
婴儿喜欢像摇铃这样的玩具，这种玩具鼓励婴儿抓住、摇晃和踢--这些动作可以发展力量和协调性，并激发婴儿大脑中重要的神经连接。
As babies get older they start to enjoy interactive play that supports social and emotional learning, like rolling a ball with a parent or sibling.
随着婴儿年龄的增长，他们开始喜欢互动游戏，这种游戏支持社交和情感学习，比如和父母或兄弟姐妹一起滚球。
Some of the best toys for babies involve cause and effect, such as bells that ring when shaken.
一些最好的婴儿玩具有因果关系，比如摇晃时会响起的铃声。
By the time they're toddlers, children can experiment with cause and effect all by themselves--toddler play often involves putting objects in containers and then dumping them out again.
到了蹒跚学步的时候，孩子们就可以自己实验因果关系了--蹒跚学步的孩子玩游戏通常是把东西放进容器里，然后再把它们扔出去。
Around age two, toddlers start to pretend by taking on familiar roles, often as a parent or teacher.
两岁左右，蹒跚学步的孩子开始通过扮演熟悉的角色，通常是当父母或老师。
This is why trying on an adult's shoes and clomping around the room is such a delightful and significant childhood milestone: your toddler is learning how to pretend.
这就是为什么试穿大人的鞋子，在房间里笨拙地走来走去是如此令人愉快和重要的童年里程碑：你的蹒跚学步的孩子正在学习如何假装。
Preschool is the golden age of pretend play, and children this age expand their imaginations beyond familiar roles.
学龄前儿童是扮演游戏的黄金时代，这个阶段的儿童拓展了他们的想象力，超越了熟悉的角色。
They can pretend to be storybook characters, imaginary friends, or animals they've never seen in real life.
他们可以假装成故事书中的人物、想象中的朋友或他们在现实生活中从未见过的动物。
Pretend play becomes a key element of preschoolers' social relationships, and the bulk of the fun often comes from deciding who gets to play which role in the game.
扮演游戏成为学龄前儿童社会关系的关键要素，而大部分乐趣往往来自于决定谁在游戏中扮演哪个角色。
Children's pretend play may sometimes appear gender-specific -- especially around age four -- when girls may gravitate toward playing as princesses and boys may prefer to play superheroes.
儿童的假装游戏有时可能会出现性别差异--特别是在四岁左右--女孩可能会被公主的游戏所吸引，而男孩可能更喜欢扮演超级英雄。
It's important that parents and caregivers allow children the freedom to be creative in their pretend play.
重要的是，父母和照顾者允许孩子们在他们的假装游戏中自由创作。
There are plenty of nongendered play options for young children too, such as building blocks, puzzles, or the messy sensory play with clay or sand that is incredibly popular with the preschool crowd.
对于幼儿来说，也有很多不分性别的游戏选择，比如积木、拼图，或者混乱的粘土或沙子的感官游戏，这在学龄前人群中非常受欢迎。
