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The road to eugenics was paved with the best intentions and it was a series of, you can almost see the world tipping towards horror.
通往优生学的道路是用最好的想法构建的，它是一系列的，但是你几乎可以看到世界向恐怖方面倾斜。
Step by step by step.
一步一步地倾斜。
It seemed like one iterative step didn't seem that much.
看起来，一个个迭代的步骤似乎并没有那么多。
And yet, as you've accumulated all of these very soon you went from in Nazi Germany, inparticular, starting with trying to eliminate or sterilize those who were somehow physically different from others.
然而，当你快速积累了这些，你来自纳粹德国，开始试图消除或绝育那些与其他人不同的身体。
All the way, including folks who are deaf, folks who had various neurological diseases and then sort of marched inexorably towards other forms of identity, including obviously, Jews, gypsies, homosexuals, and so forth.
一路走来，包括耳聋的人，有各种神经系统疾病的人，走向其他形式身份的人，包括犹太人、吉普赛人、同性恋者，等等。
So it's worthwhile remembering that that progression that occurred in the 1930s was perceived by citizens at that time as part of a progression.
因此，我们值得记住的是，1930年代的这种进步被当时的公民视为进步的一部分。
So it's incredibly important to remember that history when we step, as we are going to, as we're stepping towards the genetic modification of human embryos or even to some extent thegenetic modification of other animals or plants,
因此，当我们迈向人类胚胎的基因改造，甚至在某种程度上对其他动物或植物的基因改造迈进时，记住这段历史是非常重要的，
we have to remember that it seems as if there'a progression but all of a sudden, by the time from the beginning till the end, youmay land up in a very different place.
我们必须记住它似乎有一个进展，但突然之间，从开始到结束，你可能会止于一个非常不同的地方。
It's important also not to throw, as we enter new genetic technologies, not to throw thebaby out with the genetic bathwater.
同样重要的是，当我们用新的基因技术时，不要良莠不分，因小失大。
I mean, it's important to remember that our ability to manipulate genes can be very powerful.
我的意思是，我们要记住，人类操纵基因的能力是非常强大的。
It has been very powerful.
它已经变得非常强大了。
This is going to revolutionize human life.
这将彻底改变人类生活。
It's already beginning.
它已经开始发挥作用了。
It's going to mean that all of the genetic defects that have caused so much pain and suffering for people for millions of years, all of that could potentially be removed.
这将意味着，数百万年来给人们带来如此多痛苦和折磨的所有基因缺陷，都有可能被消除。
So why does the great woman who invented this wake up in the middle of the night worrying about it.
那么，为什么发明该技术的伟大女性会在半夜醒来担心这个问题。
When I started this research project, we were certainly not thinking about a technology that would allow alteration of human evolution or anything of that nature.
当我开始这个研究项目时，我们肯定没有考虑到一项可以改变人类进化或任何类似性质的技术。
And over the last few years, as this technology has begun to be deployed globally for different applications, I've found that I have gone from thinking about it initially, just with sort of almost wide-eyed excitement thinking about all the opportunities that this offers, to realizing that there was real risk and that we really needed, we meaning the scientifi ccommunity and really frankly the human community, needed to be aware of this and discussing it.
而在过去的几年里，随着这项技术开始在全球范围内进行不同的应用，我发现自己从最初带着兴奋，思考该技术提供的机会，后来意识到真正的风险，我们真的需要，科学界需要坦率地告诉人们这些风险，我们应该一起讨论它。
And one of the things that sort of brought that to the forefront of my mind was a dream that I had, fairly early on, in which I walked into a room and a colleague of mine said to me, "Jennifer, I'd like you to explain the CRISPR technology to a friend."
让我意识到这一点的是我做的一个梦，在很早的时候，我走进一个房间，我的一个同事对我说：“珍妮弗，我希望你能向一个朋友解释一下CRISPR技术是什么。”
And he brought me into a room and a person was sitting with their back to me.
他把我带到一个房间，那个朋友背对着我坐着。
And as they turned around, I realized with sort of a horror that it was Hitler.
当他们转过身时，我惊恐地意识到那是希特勒。
And it was actually Hitler with a sort of a pig nose and it almost looked like a chimeric pig-human sort of creature.
实际上是希特勒，他长着一个猪鼻子，看起来就像一个猪和人的嵌合体生物。
And it sounds funny in a way to relate that image, but in the dream it was a terrifying thing.
从某种意义上说，这个形象听起来很有趣，但在梦中，这是一个可怕的生物。
And I really felt real, just stone cold fear in the dream and sort of woke up from thatdream with a start and realized, I've kind of had this initial feeling of what have Idone.
我在梦中真的感觉到了真实的、冰冷的恐惧，并且从梦中惊醒，意识到我已经有了这种最初的感觉，我最初的感觉是我干了什么。
And that was really one of the things that motivated me to get out of the lab and start talking to people more broadly about the technology, about its capabilities, about the great things about it, but also about things that really required really a deep thought and careful consideration and regulation.
这促使我走出实验室，开始与人们谈论这项技术，谈论它的能力，谈论它的伟大之处，也谈论那些真正需要深入思考和仔细考虑的事情。
I think with any new technology, one always has to try to get the balance right.
我认为，对于任何新技术，人们总是要试图取得正确的平衡。
On the one hand, we of course wanna see technologies and science in general being used to solve real world problems, real human problems.
一方面，我们当然希望看到技术和科学解决真实的世界性问题和人类的问题。
But on the other hand, we want to ensure that that progress is responsible progress, that we are working together with the stakeholders to ensure that there's not an unintended or even a negative intended consequence of the use of these technologies.
但另一方面，我们希望确保这种进步是负责任的进步，我们需要与利益相关者齐心协力，以确保这些技术的使用不会产生意外甚至是负面的预期后果。
How to do that is a big challenge.
但是如何做到这点是一个巨大的挑战。
