Tonnes of water cas cading down this pipe that is, effectively,plummeting to the depths of the ice sheet through over a kilometre of vertical ice.无数吨的水从这里倾泻而下相当于是从一千米高的冰川上骤然跌落至冰原最深处

effective:有效的, 生效的, 实际的

effective, efficient这两个形容词很容易混淆。

effective表示有效用的。

His teaching was not very effective.

他的教学效果不好。

The new interest rate becomes effective next month.

新利息下月生效。

efficient表示“效率高的”，可指人。

He needs an efficient secretary.

他需要一个高效率的秘书。

The staff was very efficient.

工作人员效率很高。

Alun Hubbard is a glaciologist,studying the enormous power of these waterfalls, which are known as moulins.这些瀑布叫做冰川锅穴冰河学家艾伦·哈伯德研究的便是它们的巨大能量

known as:被称为, 公认为

It's known as the most dangerous part of the city.

那地方都知道是市内最危险的地段。

He is little known as an artist.

他是个不出名的艺术家。