雅思阅读同义替换归类整理：
　　雅思阅读同义替换(一)词与词的替换
　　词与词的替换包括同义词和近义词以及前缀的变化，目的就是考查考生是否有迅速把两个相近的单词意思联系起来的能力，也就是考查快速提取信息的能力。
　　雅思阅读同义替换(二)词性的变化
　　词性的变化是指用同一个单词的不同形式来暗示答案的出处。
　　雅思阅读同义替换(三)单词与词组和词组与词组的替换
　　此替换考查学生对近义词组的转化能力。
　　雅思阅读同义替换(四)主动语态和被动语态的转化
　　1. C5T1P1 As a reward for his hard work, he was granted a _____ by the king.
　　解析：根据the king定位到文中最后一段The Dictionary, together with his other writing, made Johnson famous and so well esteemed that his friends were able to prevail upon King George III to offer him a pension. 被动语态的基本结构：主语+be+动词过去分词+by, 与文中主动语态对应上，答案为pension“养老金，退休金”。
　　2. C7T1P1 Radar is an inaccurate term when referring to bats because _____ are not used in their navigation system.
　　解析：根据上下文定位到文中It is technically incorrect to talk about bat 'radar', since they do not use radio waves. 很显然被动语态的主语在文中为主动语态的宾语，答案为radio waves。