2. To give a sustained boost to investor confidence, the tests needed
demonstrable rigor.

为了给投资者的信心带来持续提振,压力测试需要非常严苛。
3. But he does expect his philanthropy to produce some
demonstrable payoff, including for his own firm.

对于他的捐赠他认为最终会有回报的,包括有利于他的公司利益等等。