方式状语从句讲解:
方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though引导。
1) as, (just) as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后,但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体,例如:
Always do to the others as you would be done by.
你希望人家怎样待你,你就要怎样待人。
As water is to fish, so air is to man.
我们离不开空气,犹如鱼儿离不开水。
Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.
正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。
2) as if, as though
两者的意义和用法相同,引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反,有时也用陈述语气,表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作"仿佛……似的","好像……似的",例如:
They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed.
他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的。(与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气。)
He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting.
他那样子就像被雷击了似的。(与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气。)
It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.
看来天气很快就会好起来。(实现的可能性较大,谓语用陈述语气。)
说明:as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语,例如:
He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.
他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。
He cleared his throat as if to say something.
他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。
The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.
波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒。
倒装句要点归纳:
句子“主语+谓语”的顺序排列,叫自然语序。谓语在前,主语在后,叫倒装语序。倒装语序又分两种:整个谓语在前,叫完全倒装,部分谓语(情态动词 助动词 联系动词)在前,谓语的主体部分仍在主语之后,叫部分倒装。
一完全倒装
在下列情况中,句子需要使用完全倒装:
1 在there, here 引导的句子中,谓语是be, exist 等表示状态的不及物动词。如:
Here are coats for young people 这有年轻人穿的大衣。
2 在副词now then thus引导的句子里,谓语是come ,follow ,begin, end等。如:
Now comes your turn该你了
Thus ended the meeting.会义就这样结束了。
3 在long live等表示祝愿的句子里。如:
Long live the people ’s Republic of China中华人民共和国万岁
4 在地点谓语提前,谓语是come, be, stand, sit, lie等动词的句子里。如:
From a speaker on the wall comes the doctor’s voice.从墙上的扩音器里传来医生的声音。
5 在谓语是be,表语提前的句子中。如:
So busy is the dentist that he has no time to spare he 这个外科医生这样忙以致抽不出一 点儿时间来。
Nearby were two canoes in which they had cine to the island.
附近有二条独木舟,他们就是坐这个独木舟来的。
6.在不带if的虚拟条件状语从句,谓语动词是be的句子里。如:
Were I in your position, I would ask him about the matter 我要是处于你那样的位置,我就要问问他这件事。
二 部分倒装
在下列情况中,句子需要使用部分倒装:
1.在以may开头的表示祝愿的句子里。如:
May you have a good journey!祝你一路顺风!
2.Neither…nor…连接的两个句子都要倒装,not only…but also…连接两个句子时,not only后面的句子要道倒装。:如:
Not only did he teach school, but he wrote novels.他不但在学校里教书,而且还写小说。
3.在不带if的虚拟条件状语从句中(谓语动词是 be的句子除外)。如:
Had I known the answer, I would have told you.我要是知道这个答案就告诉你了。