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Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Lecturing as a method of teaching is so frequently under attack today from educational psychologists and by students that some justification is needed to keep it. Critics believe that is results in passive methods of learning which tend to be less effective than those which fully engage the learner. They also maintain that students have no opportunity to ask questions and must all receive the same content at the same pace, that they are exposed only to one teacher’s interpretation of subject matter which will certainly be limited and that, anyway, few lectures rise above dullness. Nevertheless, in a number of inquiries this pessimistic evaluation of lecturing as a teaching method proves not to be general among students although they do fairly often comment on poor lecturing techniques.
Students praise lectures which are clear and orderly outlines in which basic principles are emphasized but dislike too numerous digressions (离题) or lectures which consist in part of the contents of a textbook. Students of science subjects consider that a lecture is a good way to introduce a new subject, putting it in its value as a period of discussion of problems and possible solutions with their lecturer. They do not look for inspiration (灵感)—this is more commonly mentioned by teachers—but arts students look for originality in lectures. Medical and dental students who have reports on teaching methods, or specifically on lecturing, suggest that there should be fewer lectures or that, at the least, more would be unpopular.
21. The passage states that ________.
A) few students dislike lecturing as a teaching method
B) lecturing is a good method of teaching
C) lecturing as a teaching method proves to be uninspiring
D) most students like lectures because they can fully engage the learner
22. According to the critics,
A) lectures can’t make students active in their studies
B) some lecturers’ knowledge of their subjects limited
C) most lectures are similar in content
D) few lectures are dull
23. According to this passage, students dislike lectures which ________.
A) introduce mat la[ not included in the textbook
B) present many problems for discussion
C) always wander from the subject
D) stress the main points
24. Lecturing as a teaching method is less appreciated by ________.
A) dental teachers
B) medical students
C) arts lecturers
D) science learners
25. According to the author, the evaluation of lecturing as a teaching method by educational psychologists is ________.
A) defensive
B) conservative
C) realistic
D) negative
