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白易礼:大学英语四级考试语法笔记37

来源:考试大 编辑:jason   可可英语APP下载 |  可可官方微信:ikekenet
  I should have written the letter earlier. But I have been very busy.
  要能登上珠穆朗玛峰,那经历该多棒!
  It would be a fantastic experience to climb up to Mount Everest.
  6、虚拟语气省略条件从句或主句
  表示虚拟语气的条件句的主句或从句有时可以省略,而省略部分的含义仍有所体现。
  1)省略条件从句,如:
  It would be very nice.
  You could have done it yourself. (省略If you had wanted to.上下文可以看出You didn’t want to.) (Fact: You didn’t do the work yourself because you didn’t want to.)
  I wouldn’t smoke. (省略If I were you.) (表面上说我,实际上说你。这是一种委婉的表达法。(Fact: You smoke very often. I advise you not to smoke any more.)
  2)省略主句:在强调条件从句时,常省略主句,这种句子常表示一种“已不能实现”的愿望,主要用于If only 引导的感叹句中。
  For example:
  If only he were here!
  If only I knew more!
  If only he had stayed with us!
  Now let’s do some translation:
  要是我听了他的建议就好了!
  If only I had taken his advice!
  我如果是一只鸟就好了!
  If only I were a bird.
  快用If only 造三个句子,表达你的愿望!
  If only I could live in a big apartment!
  If only I were a billionaire!
  If only I could marry her/him!
  (二)虚拟语气的其他句型和用法
  1、用在“wish+宾语从句”中,表示很难实现或不能实现的愿望,可以翻译为“但愿…”, “悔不该…”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用过去式;表示将来的愿望,从句的谓语动词用“would (could)+动词原形”;对过去的事情表示愿望,从句的谓语动词用 “had+过去分词” 或“could + have + 过去分词”。Wish 后面的宾语从句必须用虚拟语气,不管这个愿望是否能实现。如:
  I wish it were Spring all the year round.
  I wish you could go with us.
  We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.
  Now let’s do some translation using “wish”:
  我要是Jane 就好了。
  I wish I were Jane.
  他真希望自己生活在中世纪。
  He really wishes that he were living in the Middle Ages.
  但愿北京整年是秋天。

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