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Hello! I'm John Russell.
大家好！我是约翰·拉塞尔。
In previous videos, we explored some of the patterns of casual speech in American English.
在之前的视频中，我们探索了美式英语中的一些非正式表达。
The general idea is that in casual speech, we cut out parts of words and blend the remains together.
大致的意思是，在非正式表达中，我们弱读单词的某部分，然后将其和剩余的单词连读。
While it is not important for you to use these structures, it is very important to understand them.
虽然使用这些结构对你来说并不重要，但理解它们非常重要。
Imagine you are speaking in person or on the phone to an American.
想象一下，你正在与一个美国人面对面或通过电话交谈。
You might hear something fairly simple, but not understand it because you are not used to hearing everyday speech.
你可能会听到一些相当简单的话，但却听不懂，因为你不习惯听日常对话。
Let's take three common structures that involve the short word 'of': a lot of, kind of, out of.
我们来看三个包含of的常见结构：a lot of，kind of，out of。
Let's start with "a lot of".
我们从“a lot of”开始。
In careful speech, you might hear a person say: "The teacher gave us a lot of homework."
在正式的表达中，你可能会听到一个人说：“The teacher gave us a lot of homework.（老师给我们布置了很多家庭作业。）”
In casual speech, we reduce "a lot of" to something like "a lotta."
在非正式表达中，我们把“a lot of”连读为“a lotta”。
"The teacher gave us a lot of homework" becomes "The teacher gave us a lotta homework."
“The teacher gave us a lot of homework.”变成了“The teacher gave us a lotta homework.”。
The general idea is that we often reduce the word "of" to an "uh" sound.
大致的意思是，我们通常把“of”浊化成“uh”音。
So, instead of this: "What kind of phone is that?"
所以，我们不会说：“What kind of phone is that?（这是什么类型的手机？）”
We might say: "What kinda phone is that?"
我们可能会说：“What kinda phone is that?”
Or instead of this: "You are out of your mind!"
或者我们不会说：“You are out of your mind!（你疯了！）”
We might say this: "You are outta your mind!"
我们可能会说：“You are outta your mind!”
Or this: "You're outta your mind!"
或者说：“You're outta your mind!”
Let's end this video with a chance to practice.
我们以一次练习的机会来结束本期视频。
Listen carefully to what I say.
仔细听我说的话。
Can you identify the reduced structures that I use?
你能识别出我使用的简化结构吗？
"I have a lot of things I have to do today."
“我今天有很多事情要做。”
That's all for today! Keep up the good work!
以上就是本期视频的全部内容！继续加油吧。
