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The same basic information is the backdrop of Myrdal's work and everything that came before and after. In a country founded on a commitment to equality, white Americans have been the only ones to consistently enjoy the full measure of citizenship. Settlers drove Native Americans from their own lands and then treated them as unwelcome, dangerous guests. Congress barred many others from even entering the country. But it was Black Americans whom the nation enslaved, then so completely marooned that in every major measure of social, economic or physical well-being, millions would—and still do—remain far behind their white compatriots.
同样的基本信息是默达尔作品的背景以及之前和之后的一切。在一个建立在平等承诺基础上的国家，美国白人一直是唯一一直享有充分公民权的人。定居者把美洲原住民赶出自己的土地，然后把他们当作不受欢迎、危险的客人来对待。国会甚至禁止其他许多人进入美国。但被国家奴役的是美国黑人，他们被完全孤立，以至于在社会、经济或身体健康的每一个主要指标上，数百万美国黑人将——现在仍然——远远落后于他们的白人同胞。
When Myrdal's work was published, Black Americans earned less, were more likely to be unemployed, and led shorter and unhealthier lives. In the North, their housing was crowded and substandard. In the South, many did not have access to anything beyond basic elementary education. Most Black Americans could not vote or borrow the funds to buy property. "Virtually the whole range" of public amenities, from hospitals to libraries, were "much poorer for Negroes than they are for whites," Myrdal wrote. The majority of Black Americans had little to no assets and were the targets of disproportionate incarceration and exploitative profitmaking schemes.
默达尔的著作发表后，美国黑人收入更少，失业的可能性更大，寿命更短，生活也更不健康。在北方，他们的住房拥挤不堪，质量低劣。在南方，许多人除了基本的基础教育外，没有任何其他的机会。大多数美国黑人不能投票，也不能借钱购买房产。默达尔写道，“几乎所有”公共设施，从医院到图书馆，“对黑人来说要比白人差得多”。大多数美国黑人几乎没有资产，是不成比例的监禁和剥削性盈利计划的目标。
Nearly 80 years later, we find ourselves more than a year into a pandemic, a recession and a reconsidering of the meaning of Black death caused by agents of the state. Last summer's mass protests have for the most part receded. But increased crime, increased poverty, increased death and increased distress have not. Yet in our litany of collective aches, there is almost no arena in which Black Americans have not suffered more than white Americans.
近80年过去了，我们发现，一场大流行、一场衰退已经过去了一年多，我们开始重新思考由国家代理人造成的黑死病的意义。去年夏天的大规模抗议活动在很大程度上已经消退。但犯罪增加、贫困增加、死亡增加和痛苦增加却仍存在。然而，在我们集体所遭受的痛苦中，在几乎所有的舞台上，美国黑人所遭受的痛苦都超过了美国白人。
Black Americans on average earn less with the same (or, in some categories, more) education than white workers, are more likely to be unemployed and are clustered in industries hit hard by the pandemic. Black Americans are more likely to be born premature and to die younger. In fact, life expectancy for a Black boy born in 2020 is a full seven years shorter than a white boy's. Black women remain more likely to die in or just after childbirth than white women. All Black Americans are more likely to die of cancer than white Americans. The impact of the coronavirus was anything but novel: the death risk for Black Americans is almost two times that of white Americans.
与白人工人相比，受教育程度相同(或在某些类别中更高)的美国黑人平均收入更低，更有可能失业，并且聚集在受疫情重创的行业。美国黑人更有可能早产或早死。事实上，2020年出生的黑人男孩的预期寿命比白人男孩整整短了7年。黑人妇女仍然比白人妇女更有可能死于分娩中或分娩后不久。所有黑人都比白人更有可能死于癌症。新冠病毒的影响已经老生常谈：美国黑人的死亡风险几乎是美国白人的两倍。
译文由可可原创，仅供学习交流使用，未经许可请勿转载。
