This is Scientific American’s 60-Second Science. I’m Karen Hopkin.They say you can catch more flies with honey than with vinegar.But what if you had access to a remote-controlled carnivorous plant?Because researchers have engineered a bio-inspired system, an artificial neuron, if you will, that can trigger the snap of a Venus fly trap.Hi, my name is Simone Fabiano. I'm associate professor at Linkoping University in Sweden.Fabiano designed the trap-springing device using nerve cells as a kind of bio-based blueprint.The way our biological neurons work is that they integrate information from different inputs over time, perform computation, and communicate the result to other neurons by means of voltage pulses.Now, standard, silicon-based systems can also deliver electrical pulses.But if you want to couple them with something living to produce bionic prosthetics or engineer any kind of brain/machine interface.Well, they suffer from several limitations.Such as rigidity, poor biocompatibility, complex circuit structures, and operation mechanisms that are fundamentally different from those of biological systems.To smooth biological integration, Fabiano built his system from polymers that conduct both electrons, like, everyday electronics, and ions, which is how neurons get things done.It’s the ions that enable communication between biological and artificial neurons.
这里是科学美国人――60秒科学系列，我是凯伦・霍普金。据说，用蜂蜜能比用醋捉到更多苍蝇。但如果你能获得一株远程遥控的食肉植物呢？研究人员设计了一种仿生系统，或者称为一个人工神经元，如果你愿意的话，这可以触发捕蝇草的突然闭合。你好，我是西蒙・法比亚诺。我是瑞典林科平大学的副教授。法比亚诺以神经细胞为生物蓝图设计了一个诱捕弹性装置。生物神经元的工作方式是，随着时间的推移，它们会整合不同的输入信息，执行计算，并通过电压脉冲将结果传达给其他神经元。现在，标准的硅基系统也可以传输电脉冲。但如果你想把它们与活的生物结合起来，生产仿生假肢或设计任何类型的大脑/机器接口。嗯，他们受到了几个限制。比如硬度太高、生物相容性差、电路结构复杂、运行机制与生物系统也有根本上的不同。为了顺利地进行生物整合，法比亚诺用高分子建造了系统，这种高分子既能传导电子，也能传导日常电子和离子，而离子是神经元完成任务的方式。正是这种离子使生物神经元和人造神经元之间能够进行交流。
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