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This is Scientific American's 60-second Science, I'm Emily Schwing.
"Given that hundreds of thousands of dinosaur bones have been dug up, is there any evidence that dinosaurs got cancer?"
David Evans, senior curator of paleontology at the Royal Museum of Ontario in Toronto.
"There had been a few studies that had kind of suggested, based on gross anatomy, that dinosaurs might have gotten cancer.
But there was nothing compelling from a medical standpoint.
And from that point on, we decided to go on a hunt for rare dinosaur diseases, in particular cancer."
So in 2017, Evans and colleagues went digging through a collection of dinosaur bones at the Royal Tyrrell Museum of Paleontology in Alberta―a hotbed of dinosaur fossils.
"And out of the hundreds of dinosaur bones that we looked at, we found one that was a candidate for bone cancer."
The bone specimen Evans and his colleagues found comes from a dinosaur that roamed western Canada between 70 and 75 million years ago.
The creature is called a Centrosaurus.
"Centrosaurus is a horned dinosaur. It's about the size of a rhinoceros, and it's a close cousin of the famous triceratops, so it looked very similar.
It would have a parrot-like beak at the end of its large skull. It had a neck shield similar to triceratops and walked around on four feet and ate plants."
这里是科学美国人――60秒科学系列,我是埃米莉・施温。
“鉴于已挖掘出数十万块恐龙骨骼,那有没有证据表明恐龙得了癌症?”
多伦多安大略皇家博物馆的古生物高级馆长大卫・埃文斯说到。
“有一些研究表明,基于大体解剖学,恐龙可能得了癌症。
但从医学角度来看,没有什么令人信服的证据。
从那时起,我们决定继续寻找罕见的恐龙疾病,特别是癌症。”
因此,2017年,埃文斯和同事在阿尔伯塔省皇家泰瑞尔古生物博物馆――恐龙化石的温床――挖掘了一批恐龙骨骼。
“在我们观察的数百块恐龙骨骼中,我们发现了一个骨癌候选人。”
埃文斯和同事发现的这个骨骼标本来自7000万至7500万年前在加拿大西部漫步的恐龙。
这种生物被称为“尖角龙”。
“尖角龙是一种角龙。其体型与犀牛差不多,是著名的三角龙的近亲,所以看起来非常相似。
它的大头骨末端有一个鹦鹉喙。它有类似三角龙的颈盾,用四只脚行走,以植物为食。”
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