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This is Scientific American's 60-second Science, I'm Jason Goldman.
Got a minute?
Rhinos have notoriously poor eyesight, so they mostly rely on their noses to understand the world around them.
But there's one interaction in which sound plays a key role.
Southern white rhino males can either be dominant or subordinate. And only the dominant males hold and defend territories.
New research finds that they eavesdrop on the calls of other males to know who is who.
"We found that contact calls carry information about the dominance status of the males.
It means that only by listening to the calls, you can say if the male is territorial or subordinate."
Ivana Cinková, a zoologist at the University of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa.
She and her team spent almost two years in South Africa's Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park recording the social contact and courtship calls of male rhinos.
Then they played those calls back to dominant territorial males and watched the responses.
The researchers asked that the rhino calls not be included in this podcast due to the concern that poachers might use the calls to lure rhinos closer.
Back to the reactions of the rhinos:
"They started to search for the intruder the most quickly
这里是科学美国人――60秒科学系列,我是杰森・古德曼。
有一分钟时间吗?
众所周知,犀牛的视力非常差,所以它们主要依靠鼻子来了解周围的世界。
但有一种声音发挥关键作用的互动。
雄性南方白犀牛可以是主导者,也可以是从属者。只有主导雄性才能守卫和保卫领土。
一项新研究发现,它们通过偷听其它雄性的声音来了解谁是谁。
“我们发现,联系叫声携带着有关雄性主导身份的信息。
这意味着,只有通过听叫声,你才能判断这只雄性是领地性的还是从属性的。”
南非夸祖鲁纳塔尔大学的动物学家伊万娜・辛科娃说到。
她和团队在南非的赫卢赫卢韦-印姆弗鲁兹公园花了近两年时间,记录雄性犀牛的社交和求偶叫声。
之后他们将这些叫声的播放给主导领地雄性听,并观察它们的反应。
研究人员要求本期播客中不插入犀牛的叫声,因为他们担心偷猎者可能会利用这些叫声来引诱犀牛靠近。
回到犀牛的反应:
“在播放从属犀牛叫声之后,它们开始以最快的速度寻找入侵者,
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