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This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Karen Hopkin.
The microbes in our intestines help keep us healthy, strengthening our immune systems and promoting metabolism.
But they may also give us a leg up when it comes to moving our legs up―and down again, rapidly and repeatedly―
because a new study finds that mice that are fed bacteria isolated from elite athletes log more time on the treadmill than other mice that are treated only to bacteria found in yogurt.
The results appear in the journal Nature Medicine.
Aleksandar Kostic, a microbiologist at Harvard Medical School,
was initially interested in how the gut microbes of people with diabetes might differ from folks without the condition―
the idea being that tweaking the microbiome might help to treat the disease.
But the question of enhancing overall health and fitness can also come from the other direction:
"But here the question was more, what's unique in the gut microbiome of someone who is supremely healthy?
And can we use that feature of the microbiome to transfer into other people to potentially make them healthier?"
And a handy window into the gut is poop.
So Kostic and his crew asked 15 runners who competed in the Boston Marathon in 2015 to provide daily stool samples from a week before the race to a week after.
They also collected samples from 10 people who are decidedly more sedentary, and they tallied the bacteria present in each.
这里是科学美国人――60秒科学。我是凯伦・霍普金。
我们肠道中的微生物帮助我们保持健康,增强我们的免疫系统,并促进新陈代谢。
但当我们的腿迅速且频繁地提起放下时,微生物可能也会帮助我们,
因为一项新研究发现,与仅喂食酸奶中所含细菌的老鼠相比,被喂食从优秀运动员体内所分离细菌的老鼠,在跑步机上坚持的时间更长。
研究结果发表在《自然医学》期刊上。
哈佛医学院的微生物学家亚历山大・库斯迪最初感兴趣的是,
糖尿病患者的肠道微生物与没有糖尿病者的有何不同――
想法是,调整微生物群可能有助于治疗糖尿病。
但增强整体健康和体格的问题也可能来自另一个方向:
“但这里的问题更多,极其健康的人的肠道微生物群有何独特之处?
我们能否利用微生物群的这一特性将其转移到其他人身上,使他们更健康?”
进入肠道的便利方法是大便。
因此,库斯迪及其团队要求参加2015年波士顿马拉松的15名选手在比赛前后一周提供每日粪便样本。
他们还收集了10个明显久坐不动者的样本,并计算了每个样本中的细菌数量。
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