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This is Scientific American ― 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.
Thirty-nine years ago, Voyager 1 swung by Jupiter on its journey to interstellar space.
As it did, it picked up spooky low-frequency radio signals like this.
The whistlers, as they're known, were radio broadcasts from unusual, natural antennas: lightning bolts,
which act like radio transmitters, with current moving through a channel.
Along with photos of the dark side of the planet, the whistlers confirmed the existence of lightning on Jupiter.
But the limited observations made it hard to pin down where electrical storms gathered...
and the bolts were thought to be rare, compared to Earth.
Now the Juno spacecraft has detected the first high-frequency radio signals, and 1,600 new whistlers...,
which together suggest lightning on Jupiter is much more common than scientists thought.
And a lot more similar to Earth lightning, too.
The discharges also appear to be between clouds containing liquid water and others containing water ice...,
the same kind of conditions for cloud-to-cloud lightning here on Earth.
The findings appear in the journals Nature and Nature Astronomy.
There is one twist to this Jovian weather story:
Jupiter's lightning storms congregate near the planet's poles, not its equator―the opposite of Earth.
And a detail that makes this familiar phenomenon still seem a bit otherworldly.
这里是科学美国人――60秒科学。我是克里斯托弗・因塔利亚塔。
39年前,旅行者1号在飞往星际空间的途中经过木星。
它擦过木星时,接收到了令人毛骨悚然的低频无线电信号。
人们认为这些啸声信号是无线电广播,来自不寻常的自然天线:闪电,
当电流穿过无线电频道时,闪电会像无线电发射器一样发射信号。
啸声信号加上行星暗面的图片,可以证实木星上存在闪电。
但是,有限的观测很难确定雷暴的聚集地点,
而且与地球相比,人们认为木星上的闪电很罕见。
现在,朱诺号木星探测器宇宙飞船已经探测到了第一批高频无线电信号以及1600个新啸声信号,
这些信号表明,木星上的闪电频率比科学家想象的要高得多。
而且,这也表明木星上的闪电与地球闪电更相似。
这种放电,似乎也发生在含液态水的云和含水冰的云之间,
这与地球上云和云相撞产生闪电的情况相同。
这一研究结果发表在《自然》和《自然・天文学》期刊上。
不过木星的天气故事有个转折:
木星雷暴的发生地集中在木星两极附近,而不是赤道上――这与地球的情况正相反。
这个细节使这种熟悉的现象看起来仍然有些不同寻常。
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