Now: the enormous benefits and significant perils of the recent upsurge in the availability of antibiotics around the world.Lisa Desjardins talks to science correspondent Miles O'Brien about the latest research.It's part of our weekly science series, the Leading Edge.Antibiotic resistance contributes to the death of 700,000 people around the world each year.Experts have predicted it will eclipse the number of people affected by cancer by 2050.One of the biggest causes is the overuse of antibiotics.On Monday, a group led by researchers from the Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics and Policies released a new studylooking at the global consumption of antibiotics.They found the use of antibiotics worldwide has increased 65 percent from 2000 to 2015.Miles O'Brien is here to help us understand this latest study.Miles, first of all, just remind us, how does the overuse of antibiotics lead to these resistant diseases, sometimes called superbugs?Hello, Lisa. Yes, what happens is, antibiotics kill bacteria that make us sick.That's the simple explanation.But the bacteria over time evolve and develop an ability to survive the onslaught of the antibiotics.They, in essence, get smart.So, over time, bacteria survive that have resistance built in to the antibiotic themselves.Alexander Fleming, who invented penicillin, discovered penicillin, just before World War II, warned against its over use precisely because of this.
现在：近来世界各地的抗生素使用热潮，好处多多，然而却又危险重重。丽莎・德贾斯丁与科学记者迈尔斯・奥布赖恩展开对话，探讨了这项最新研究。这也是我们每周科学系列Leading Edge的一部分。抗生素耐药性每年导致全球死亡人数达700,000。专家们预测，至2050年，它将超过因癌症死亡的人数。其中最重要的一个原因就是抗生素的滥用。上周一，动态疾病、经济和政策研究中心的研究人员率领了一支研究团队，就全球抗生素消费，发布了一项最新研究成果。他们发现2015年全世界抗生素的使用量，与2000年相比，增加了65%。迈尔斯・奥布赖恩做客节目，帮助我们理解这项最新研究。迈尔斯，首先，请提醒我们，滥用抗生素如何导致了耐药性疾病的产生，有时我们也称之为“超级细菌”？你好，丽莎。是的，抗生素杀死了致病细菌。这个解释很简单。但随着时间的推移，这种细菌会进化并发展出了能够抵御抗生素的能力。从本质上说，他们变得更聪明了。因此，随着时间的推移，细菌自身能够产生耐药性，抵御抗生素。二战前，亚力山大・弗莱明发明了青霉素，但他警告说，青霉素不得过度使用，明确指出就是因为这个原因。
暂无注释
