Arctic cod spend winter beneath the sea ice.Right across the Arctic Ocean, the fish play a major part in the food chain and bring rich pickings for all the marine mammals.As the ice melts, massive shoals gather along Greenland's west coast.During the short summers of constant daylight, the Arctic Ocean burst into life.Millions of seabirds return to the Polar North to take advantage of the abundance of seafood.The temperature of the water rarely rises above minus one degree Celsius, but the shallow seas of the Arctic are some of the earth's richest.These underwater life forms have made some remarkable adaptations to survive in the ice cold water.They are the same temperature as the water that surrounds them.And their survival depends on preventing ice crystals from forming in their bodies.Many produce special proteins in their blood that act as antifreeze.
