系统解析:1.第1句中的“据新华社报道称”译为According to Xinhua News Agency即可,省译“报道”一词。定语“中国人每年浪费的”较长,故将其处理成后置定语,用分词短语wasted by Chinese people every year来表达。
2.第2句中的“是……的两倍”可套用句型twice as...as。“大学生浪费的食物数量是全国平均量的两倍”如果逐字对译为 the amount of food wasted by college students is twice as much as the national average则句子较繁冗,可通过转换主语和谓语,将此句译为college students waste twice as much food as the national average 则更简洁明了。
3.第4句承前省略了主语“高校食堂”,英译时需补上,可用代词they来指代。方式状语“通过提高饭菜的质量、提供小份菜等举措”用介词短语by adopting measures like improving... and offering...来表达。“鼓励学生参与”可表达为 encourage students to join in...。
4.最后一句中的“要为杜绝食物浪费”表目的,故将其处理成目的状语,用不定式短语to eliminate food waste 来表达。