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People have been holding heated discussions recently about women's experience in the workplace. Last month Sheryl Sandberg, chief operating officer at Face-book, published "Lean In", a __1__ declaration on why women have not __2__ to the most senior positions at companies. She concludes that it is partly women's own __3__: they do not "lean in" and ask for promotions, __4__ at meetings and insist on taking a seat at the table. Another new book will not have the same impact as "Lean In" but it offers some interesting new __5__ on how women are coping at work, and what is holding them __6__.
Some of it is down to simple miscommunication. Barbara Annis and John Gray argue in "Work With Me" that men and women are biologically wired to think and react __7__ to situations, and have "gender blind spots" when it comes to understanding their coworkers' behavior. Ms Annis, who leads workshops on gender for big companies and governments, and Mr. Gray, author of "Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus", have __8__ to produce an easy-to-read guide to work place communications. Women ask more questions, __9__ more peopled opinions and seek collaboration with coworkers more frequently than men. Men view these preferences as __10__ of weakness, and women, in turn, grow __11__ by how competitively men work, and how quickly they arrive __12__ conclusions by themselves.
__13__ both female and male employees became more "gender __14__" about how their work and behavioral preferences are hard-wired, it would contribute to a more harmonious workforce. Women have been choosing to leave companies at twice the __15__ of men, and more than half the women whom the authors met in workshops were considering leaving their __16__. Women often tell their bosses that they are __17__ for personal reasons, but the majority actually leave because they feel __18__ teams and not valued for their contributions. Yet the __19__ is that women often have trouble communicating with other women at work as well, __20__ the authors do not explain in quite as much detail why this is so.
1 A.controversial B.perplexing C.distracting D.ambiguous
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:A
  • 系统解析:
    上句指出女性的职场工作经验引发了人们的热议(heated discussions),空格所在句子表明《向前一步》一书这是一部怎样的宣言(declaration)。此句与上句之间没有转折连词,可知空格所在部分表示的意思和上文一致。A 项 controversial“有争议的”与 heated discussion 对应,是正确答案。
2 A.descended B.promoted C.ascended D.improved
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:C
  • 系统解析:
    此空格需填入谓语动词,其宾语是“最高级职位”(the most senior positions)。下一句总结(concludes)本句,说明女性 do not “lean in” and ask for promotions。因此应指职位晋升, C 项 ascended 指“(地位等的)提高”,符合语义及搭配。
3 A.fault B.will C.trouble D.duty
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:A
  • 系统解析:
    本句冒号后的内容是对前半句的解释:她们没有“向前一步”,不要求晋升。A 项 fault “过错”,总结了冒号后的原因。
4 A.dress up B.show up C.pipe up D.shut up
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:C
  • 系统解析:
    此句的主语是 they,谓语部分的助动词是 do not,状语为 at meetings。C 项 pipe up 指“大声说话”,在这里指在女性不在会议上发言,符合语境。
5 A.concepts B.theories C.effects D.perspectives
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:D
  • 系统解析:
    此空格需填入名词作宾语,其补足语是 how women are coping at work。该书的作者就这个问题提出了自己的看法,D 项 perspectives“视角,观点”正确。
6 A.back B.out C.on D.off
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:A
  • 系统解析:
    本段提到女性没有“向前一步”,不要求晋升,也不坚持自己在公司里拥有一席之地等,因此空格应填入与这些问题相对应的词。A 项 hold back 表示“抑制;阻挡”,意为“是什么绊住了女性”,与 lead in 意义相反,符合语义逻辑。
7 A.broadly B.differently C.identically D.partly
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:B
  • 系统解析:
    这里需要填入一个副词来修饰男性和女性对不同情况的思考反应。根据上文提到 biologically(天生)与下文的 gender blind spots(性别盲点) 可推断出,男人和女人对不同情况的思考和反应不相同。B 项 differently“不同地”符合语义逻辑。
8 A.constructed B.correlated C.coordinated D.collaborate
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:D
  • 系统解析:
    本句主语为 Ms Annis 和 Mr. Gray,其宾语为 an easy-to-read guide(一本通俗易懂的指南)。D 项 collaborated 意为“(尤指在文艺、科学等方面)合作;合著;协作”,符合语义逻辑。
9 A.revise B.respect C.support D.gather
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:D
  • 系统解析:
    空格需要填入能与前后并列、与沟通有关,且能与 opinions 搭配的谓语动词,故选 D 项 gather“收集”,表示女性会收集更多人的意见。
10 A.signals B.stimuli C.signs D.messages
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:C
  • 系统解析:
    本句说明男性把这些偏好看作是弱点(weakness),该词为抽象名词,而女性的这些特点是具体表现,因此 C 项 signs 为答案,可指某种情况的征兆,signs of weakness 表示“软弱的标志”。
11 A.indifferent B.annoyed C.delighted D.irritated
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:B
  • 系统解析:
    上文提到女性更常寻求与同事合作(seek collaboration),男性对此持消极态度。反过来,女性认为男性工作中非常好胜(competitively),带有否定意义。空格需填入表明女性的态度的形容词作表语,B 项 annoyed“反感的”符合语义逻辑。
12 A.at B.in C.on D.from
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:A
  • 系统解析:
    本句说明男性与之相反的特点,即快速地得出结论。arrive at 表示“达成(决议、决定等);得出(结论)”,故选 A 项 at。
13 A.Meanwhile B.Although C.If D.Moreover
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:C
  • 系统解析:
    从句指出男女员工要应对因性别差异而导致的行为偏好(behavioral preferences),主句表明他们的职场就会更加和谐(more harmonious)。从逻辑上判断该从句应是条件状语从句。另外从句的谓语动词是 became,主句的谓语动词是 would contribute,由此可判断这是虚拟语气中表示与现在事实相反的情况句式,选 C 项 If。
14 A.fortunate B.intelligent C.different D.witless
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:B
  • 系统解析:
    上文提到了男性跟女性在工作中有不同的偏好。本句要讨论的问题是:男女员工要如何面对固有的工作与行为的偏好,才能让他们在职场上更加和谐?此处应填入一个有肯定意义的形容词。B 项 intelligent“聪明的”,gender intelligent 意为“聪明地应对性别差异”,符合语义逻辑。
15 A.amount B.ration C.rate D.interest
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:C
  • 系统解析:
    本句涉及男性和女性的离职人数比较,出现了两个表示比较的词语 twice、more than half。因此所填入的词语必须能体现两者之间的比较,并且能和空格前的介词 at 搭配,所以选择 C 项 rate“比率”。
16 A.children B.firms C.bosses D.tasks
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:B
  • 系统解析:
    上半句提到部分女性已经选择了离开公司(choosing to leave companies),本句的语境是:在职场上,有女性中还有一半以上正考虑离开,此空格需要填入 leaving 的宾语。B 项 firms“公司”与上半句的 companies 意思一致。
17 A.quitting B.pausing C.persevering D.dismissing
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:A
  • 系统解析:
    空格后的 for personal reasons 表明了女性离开公司的原因。离开公司意味着“辞职”,选 A 项 quitting“辞职”。
18 A.honorable in B.embarrassed for C.familiar with D.excluded from
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:D
  • 系统解析:
    空格后的 team 表明大多数女性离职的一个原因跟团队有关,因此填入的词语应与人际关系有关联。D 项 excluded from 代入句子表示“在团队中受到排挤”,符合语义逻辑。
19 A.phenomenon B.dilemma C.reality D.evidence
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:C
  • 系统解析:
    上文提及女性辞职的原因(在团队中受到排挤),本句表转折的 Yet“然而”后指出另一种情况:女性与同性之间也存在沟通困难,这也是一种现实情况。C 项 reality“现实”,侧重指某事物的客观存在的真实性,符合语义。
20 A.furthermore B.though C.if D.since
本题答案:
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • 参考答案:B
  • 系统解析:
    上半句提到女性在工作中与其他同性也存在沟通困难,作为职场沟通指南的书籍理应做出分析,然而下半句指出:作者并未详细解释为何如此,因此空格处应填入表示语义转折的连词。B 项 though“虽然,尽管”正确。
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