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A candlelit dinner works wonders for romance. Now scientists say it could also be good for your heart. Breathing in candle smoke causes beneficial __1__ in your heart rhythm, they claim. It is thought that tiny salt particles released when the candle bums are __2__ the effect.
The researchers monitored the hearts of 13 men and women as they breathed in air __3__ into a small chamber. In some __4__ the air included smoke from candles in a second room. The volunteers didn't know which type of air they were breathing, but when it included candle smoke, their heart rate variability __5__ .
Everyone's heart rate varies __6__ all the time, beating a little bit faster when we breathe in than when we breathe out This is perfectly healthy and a sign that the brain is __7__ and able to regulate the heart But this variation __8__ as we get older and if we __9__ heart problems. In the study, it was increased by __10__ candle smoke.
Researcher Christina Isaxon said the concentration of smoke __11__ during the study was similar to that created by a candlelit dinner. As the volunteers could not see the candles and weren't told what they were breathing, the effect could not be explained __12__ by the calming effect of candlelight.
Dr Isaxon believed that tiny particles of the candle smoke could be responsible for the beneficial effects. These particles are __13__ regulating the heart's rhythm and in sending messages between cells in the body. More salts are produced when a __14__ is still. The study did not find any __15__ health effects of the smoke—__16__ she admitted she did not 'make a huge effort' to find any.
Soot, black powder in the smoke, from lit candles has been __17__ health problems in the past. The American Chemical Society has warned that common wax candles release __18__ harmful chemicals linked to cancer and other illnesses. It recommends using beeswax.
Dr Isaxon used candles made of a natural fat in her study. She recommended using candles that are as natural as possible and avoiding __19__ and dyes as they may give off __20__ chemicals when burned.
1
A.
supports
B.
changes
C.
drives
D.
spirits
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
前一句说到烛光晚餐对心脏也有好处,可判断,吸入蜡烛燃烧产生的烟雾能给人们的心率带来有利的影响。B 项 changes“变化”代入后,搭配 beneficial 表明烛光晚餐可“改善”心率,呼应下文出现的“心率变异性会增高”的结论。
2
A.
behind
B.
to
C.
among
D.
with
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
上文谈到蜡烛燃烧的烟雾有利于心率,空格句试着解释原因。空格后 the effect 是上句谈到的烟雾对心率的影响,A 项 behind 与之搭配指“这一效果背后的原因”。
3
A.
poured
B.
pumped
C.
blown
D.
dumped
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
句中空格处过去分词应表明研究者在监测志愿者的心脏时对受试者所呼吸的气体(air)所采取的措施。B 项 pumped“给……打气;用泵输送”代入后,可指研究者为控制实验环境往志愿者所在的小房间(a small chamber)里注入气体。
4
A.
ways
B.
areas
C.
respects
D.
cases
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
下句提到,志愿者们不知道他们呼吸的是哪种空气,可判断研究者向小房间输入了不同类型的气体。因此,应认为空格后的内容只是其中的一些情况。D 项 cases 代入后可组成 in some cases 的固定表达,表示“有时候,在某些情况下”。
5
A.
deteriorated
B.
recovered
C.
improved
D.
injured
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
首段提到吸入蜡烛燃烧产生的烟雾能给心率带来有利的影响,由此可判断当志愿者呼吸的空气中含有蜡烛烟雾时,他们的心率变异性会有所改善。C 项 improved“改善,好转”代入后可指心率变异性增高,语义符合语篇逻辑。
6
A.
evidently
B.
habitually
C.
consciously
D.
naturally
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
现在分词短语 beating a little ... out 的意思是“心跳在吸入空气时比呼出时快”,作伴随状语,说明心率变化的情况。由下二句 This is perfectly healthy 可知人们的心跳在吸入空气时比呼出快,这是自然、正常的事情。故选 D 项 naturally“自然地”。
7
A.
elastic
B.
alert
C.
awake
D.
open
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
根据 healthy 的语义,可知心率变化是人脑健康的积极反应,从而让大脑进一步地调节心脏(is ... able to regulate the heart.)。B 项 alert“警惕的,机警的”代入后,句意为“大脑警觉性高,有能力调节心脏”。
8
A.
vanishes
B.
hides
C.
falls
D.
ceases
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
根据自然规律,可推测“当人们变老的时候”,心率变化的生理机能会有所减退。C 项 falls “下降”代入后,指心率变异性会随着年龄的增加而下降。
9
A.
develop
B.
treat
C.
observe
D.
prevent
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
空格处填入的动词,需能衔接 we 和 heart problems,且与 we get older 并列。A 项 develop 搭配 heart problems 意为“患(上)心脏病”,符合语义。
10
A.
measuring
B.
emitting
C.
inhaling
D.
smelling
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
从第二段中提到的研究来看,吸入蜡烛烟雾会增高心率变异性。C 项 inhaling 意为“吸入,吸气”,可对应上文 breathing 一词。
11
A.
condensed
B.
dispersed
C.
generated
D.
polluted
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
基于 was similar to 的语义,可认为研究者比较了“研究中的烟雾浓度”(the con-centration of smoke ... during the study)和“烛光晚餐所释放的烟雾浓度”(that created by a candlelit dinner)。C 项 generated“产生,生成”能对应 that 后的 created一词,代入后指“研究中蜡烛燃烧产生的烟雾的浓度”。
12
A.
through
B.
away
C.
off
D.
along
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
在该项研究中,志愿者看不到蜡烛,也未被告知所呼吸的气体,因此不能把“烛光具有镇静效果”(the calming effect of candlelight)看作是改善心率的原因。B 项 away 置于 explained 后,意为“为……辩解”,代入后与谓语中的 could not be 一起表达“不能把……当作理由”之意。其他三个选项不与 explain 搭配。
13
A.
specialized in
B.
guided to
C.
controlled over
D.
involved in
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
既然蜡烛烟雾中含的微小颗粒对心脏有好处,那么它们对心率应该具有调节作用(regulating the heart's rhythm)。D 项 involved in 意为“参与;与……相关联”,代入后可指烟雾中的微小颗粒帮助调节心率,语义符合要求。
14
A.
flame
B.
room
C.
candle
D.
volunteer
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
首段最后一句话表明句中的 salts 指的是蜡烛燃烧时释放的“微小盐颗粒”。既然这些盐颗粒是蜡烛燃烧时释放出的,就应推断释放的盐颗粒的数量受蜡烛燃烧情况的影响。四个选项中只有 A 项 flame“火焰”与蜡烛燃烧相关。
15
A.
favorable
B.
negative
C.
definite
D.
impressive
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
上文谈到的 study一直围绕“蜡烛燃烧的烟雾对心脏有好处”展开,并没有涉及任何负面因素。下一分句也指出 Dr Isaxon 并没有花费巨大精力来寻找与之相关的证据。B 项 negative “消极的,否定的”可满足语篇和逻辑要求。
16
A.
although
B.
provided
C.
therefore
D.
because
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
主句指出该项研究并未发现蜡烛烟雾对健康有其他的影响。这一事实不会因为研究者(she,即 Dr Isaxon)所承认的“并没有花费巨大精力来寻找相关证据”的事实有所改变。因此空格后引导的从句应是一个让步状语从句,故选 A 项 although。
17
A.
prepared for
B.
made up for
C.
blamed for
D.
appreciated for
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
下句指出常见的蜡烛会释放有害化学物质。由此判断:煤烟会导致健康问题。C 项 blamed for“被……责备”代入后可指煤烟被看成是健康问题的成因。
18
A.
potentially
B.
periodically
C.
instantly
D.
permanently
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
句子的语义表明这些化学物质是常见的蜡烛释放出来的,且与癌症和其他疾病相关。换言之,这些诱发癌症和其他疾病的化学物质是对身体有潜在威胁的化学物质。故 A 项 potentially “潜在地”符合语义要求。
19
A.
odours
B.
poisons
C.
alcohols
D.
scents
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
Dr Isaxon 建议要尽量使用天然蜡烛,要避免使用“染料”(dyes)等人工添加进蜡烛里的物质。D 项 scents“香味”可指添加进蜡烛的额外物质,与 dyes 并列。
20
A.
enormous
B.
fantastic
C.
fearful
D.
dangerous
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
as 表原因,说明需要避免在蜡烛中使用染料(dye)的原因:燃烧时释放出……化学物质。通常,只有释放出的化学物质对人体有害,才需要人们去尽力避免,故 D 项 dangerous“危险的”正确。
Nowadays, amateur photography has become a troubling issue. Citizens of rich countries have got used to being watched by closed-circuit cameras that __1__ roads and cities. But as cameras __2__ and the cost of storing data decreases rapidly, it is individuals who are taking the pictures.
Some 10,000 people are already testing a __3__ of Google Glass. It aims to reproduce all the functions of a smartphone in a device placed on a person's nose. Its flexible frame holds both a camera and a __4__ screen, and makes it easy for users to take photos, send __5__ and search for things online.
Glass may fail but a wider revolution is under way. In Russia, where insurance __6__ is common, at least 1 million cars already have cameras with them that film the road ahead. Police forces in America are starting to __7__ officers with video cameras, pinned to their uniforms, which record their interactions with the public.
Widespread recording can already do a lot of good. Car-cams can help resolve insurance claims and encourage people to drive better. Police-cams can discourage criminals from making groundless complaints __8__ police officers and officers from __9__ the suspects.
Optimists see broader benefits __10__. Plenty of people carry activity trackers to __11__ their exercise or sleep patterns; cameras could do the job more effectively, perhaps also __12__ their wearers, diets. "Personal black boxes" might be able to transmit pictures __13__ their owner falls victim to an accident or crime.
Not everybody will be __14__ by these prospects.
A perfect digital memory would probably be a pain, preserving unhappy events as well as __15__ one Suspicious spouses and employers might feel __16__ review it.
The bigger worry is for those in front of the cameras, not __17__ them. The web is filled with sneaky photos of women, __18__ in public places. Wearable cameras will make such furtive photography easier. The combination of cameras everywhere—in bars, on streets,in offices,on people's heads—is a powerful and __19__ one. We may not be far from a world __20__ which your movements could be tracked all the time.
21
A.
guard
B.
beautify
C.
control
D.
scan
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
本句提到发达国家的公民早已习惯被摄像头监视(have got used to being watched),摄像头通常起到监视的作用,故选 A 项 guard“监视”。
22
A.
appear
B.
shrink
C.
enlarge
D.
shift
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
本句提到个人成为拍照的主力军,其中一个因素是 and 后面提到的存储数据的成本骤降(the cost of storing data decreases rapidly),因此空格处填入的单词应是个人成为拍照主力军的另一因素。B 项 shrink 意为“缩小”,指照相机体积变小,方便人们携带。
23
A.
model
B.
function
C.
equipment
D.
prototype
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
从 testing(测试)推断出,使用的这款眼镜(Google Glass)还在试验当中。D 项 prototype 意为“样机”,符合语义逻辑。
24
A.
flat
B.
tiny
C.
silver
D.
big
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
本句提到该装置能够架在鼻梁上(placed on a person's nose),说明该装置很小。B 项 tiny 意为“微小的”,符合语义逻辑。
25
A.
invitations
B.
diagrams
C.
messages
D.
signals
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
上句提到谷歌眼镜试图把智能手机上的所有功能都搬到一部能够置于人们鼻梁上的装置里,智能手机的功能包括照相、发送信息、在线搜索等。send messages 指“发信息”,故选 C 项。
26
A.
fraud
B.
premium
C.
industry
D.
coverage
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
本句提到至少 100 万辆车上安装了摄像头以摄录前方道路。为什么这么多的车辆装上了摄像头?结合主语 insurance 及下一段第二句提及的行车记录仪有助于解决保险索赔(Car-cams can help resolve insurance claims),说明人们想应对一个经常出现的保险问题。 A 项 fraud“欺骗,诈骗”与 insurance 搭配指“保险诈骗”。
27
A.
charge
B.
compare
C.
connect
D.
issue
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
由 video cameras 的后置定语 pinned to... 及 which 从句的描述可知,摄像头是警员的执勤装备。通常警员身上的装备都是由 police forces(警察局)配备发放,issue 与 with 搭配后表示“给……发放……”,符合语义逻辑,故选 D 项。
28
A.
against
B.
to
C.
of
D.
about
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
上文提到警用摄像头能 record their interactions with the public,因此可推测其作用是正面的,有助于保护警察及公众的利益。本句提到罪犯进行无端控诉(making groundless complaints),由此可推测 police officers(警员)是控诉的对象,A 项 against 和 complaint 搭配后表示“对……进行控诉”,表示对象。
29
A.
arresting
B.
tracking
C.
abusing
D.
questioning
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
从 discourage(阻止)推断,空格处所填单词应与前面提到的 making groundless com plaints(进行无端控诉)一样具有贬义。C 项 abusing“虐待”符合语义。
30
A.
alone
B.
ahead
C.
soon
D.
above
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
下一段第一句提到 these prospects(这些前景),these 指代前面所说的内容,可以推断本段讨论的是摄像头的前景。B 项 ahead 可以表示“今后,在不就的将来”,符合语义逻辑。
31
A.
adjust
B.
facilitate
C.
monitor
D.
design
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
activity trackers(行为记录仪)对 their exercise or sleep patterns 进行记录的目的是为了对人们的行为进行有益的反馈。C 项 monitor“监测”符合句子逻辑。
32
A.
spying on
B.
searching out
C.
lookingto
D.
asking for
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
从 also 推断,本分句与上个分句内容相关,因此空格处所填内容应能体现出 cameras 的用途。A 项 spying on“监视”是固定搭配,指监视佩戴者的饮食。
33
A.
though
B.
while
C.
as
D.
if
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
本句提到的佩戴者遭遇意外或者犯罪份子是一个假设,如果出现这样的情况,这个“个人黑匣子”会发挥传送图片的功能。因此空格处所填单词应表示假设,D 项 if“假如”符合语义逻辑。
34
A.
frightened
B.
thrilled
C.
puzzled
D.
hurt
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
上段提到 Optimists see broader benefits,本句的主语 not everybody 对此提出相反的态度,下句提到一台完美的数字储存器也很可能会带来烦恼(would probably be a pain), 可以推断并不是每个人都对此感到高兴。原文已有否定 not everybody,因此空格处所填单词应是褒义词,B 项 thrilled“激动的”符合语义。
35
A.
special
B.
major
C.
painful
D.
cherished
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
从 as well as 推断,空格处所填单词应与前面的 unhappy 语义相对或相反,D 项 cherished“珍爱的”表明保存珍贵画面的同时也会记下那些令人不开心的事。
36
A.
shy to
B.
obliged to
C.
entitled to
D.
free to
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
本文讨论的是摄像头的监控作用,疑神疑鬼的(suspicious)spouses 和 employers 会利用摄像头查找其配偶或员工是否忠诚,认为这是他们理由当然的权利,feel entitled to 表示“觉得有权做……”,符合此处语境,故选 C 项。
37
A.
behind
B.
in
C.
after
D.
under
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
A
系统解析:
下文提到网络上充斥着在公共场合偷拍女性的照片,并且佩戴型摄像头将会使这样的偷拍变得更加容易,说明被拍者比拍摄者需要忧虑更多。和 in front of(指被拍者)相反的是 behind(指拍摄者)“在……后”,故选 A 项。
38
A.
hit
B.
snapped
C.
insulted
D.
teased
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
B
系统解析:
空格处所填单词是前面 photos of women(女性的相片)的后置定语,她们即是上句中在镜头前的人(those in front of the cameras)。B 项 snapped 意为“快速被拍摄”,符合此处的语境。
39
A.
exciting
B.
striking
C.
promising
D.
alarming
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
D
系统解析:
下句提到一举一动可能随时被掌握(your movements could be tracked all the time),这给人带来的感受应是不好的。D 项 alarming 意为“令人惊恐的”,符合语义逻辑。
40
A.
on
B.
over
C.
in
D.
from
本题答案:
A
B
C
D
参考答案:
C
系统解析:
本句中 which 引导的定语从句是对 world 进行修饰,in the/a world 是固定表达,定语从句中关系代词 which 作介词的宾语时,需要把介词提前,故选 C 项 in。
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