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成人英语三级
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第19关
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In sport the sexes are separate. Women and men do not run or swim in the same races. Women are less strong than men. That at least is what people say. Women are called "the weaker sex", or, if men want to please them, "the fair sex". But boys and girls are taught together at schools and universities. There are women who are famous Prime Ministers, scientists and writers. And women live longer than men. A European woman can expect to live until the age of 74 a man only until he is 68. Are women's bodies really weaker?
The fastest men can run a mile in 4 minutes. The best women need 4. 5 minutes. Women's speeds are always slower than men's, but some facts are surprising. Some of the fastest women swimmers today are teenage girls. One of them swam 400 metres in 4 minutes 21.2 seconds when she was only 16. The first "Tarzan" in films was an Olympic swimmer, Johnny Weissmuller. His fastest 400 metres was 4 minutes 59.1 seconds, which is 37.9 seconds slower than a girl 50 years later! This does not mean that women are catching men up. Conditions are very different now, and sport is much more serious. It is so serious that some women athletes are given hormone(荷尔蒙) injections. At the Olympics a doctor has to check whether the women athletes are really women or not. It seems sad that sport has such problem. Life can be very complicated when there are two separate sexes!
1
Women are called "the weaker sex" because _____ .
A.
women do as much work as men
B.
people think women are weaker than men
C.
sport is easier for men than for women
D.
in sport the two sexes are always together
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
事实细节题。根据文章第一段前四句，因为人们认为女性不如男性强壮，才将女性称为“the weaker sex”，所以选 B。其他选项文章都未提到。
2
Which of the following is true?
A.
Boys and girls study separately everywhere.
B.
Women do not run or swim in races with men.
C.
Famous Prime Ministers are women.
D.
Men can expect to live longer than women in Europe.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
事实细节题。可用排除法。根据文章第一段第五句，男生和女生是在一起上学的，所以 A 不对；第六句提到有些著名的国家总理是女性，但并不是所有著名的国家总理都是女性，所以 C 也不准确；根据第一段最后两句，在欧洲，妇女比男人更长寿，因此 D 恰好说反了；只有 B（女人不和男人比赛，见第二句）是正确的。
3
"That at least is what people say." means people _____ .
A.
say other things too
B.
don't say this much
C.
say this but may not think so
D.
only think this
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
事实细节题。该句话的意思是“至少人们是这样说的”。所以应选 C。
4
What problems does sport have?
A.
Some women athletes are actually men.
B.
Some women athletes are given hormone injections.
C.
Women and men do not run or swim in the same races.
D.
It is difficult to check whether women athletes are really women.
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
事实细节题。根据文章倒数第二句、第三句、第四句，运动员注射荷尔蒙是体育比赛的一个问题。所以选 B。
5
In this passage the author implies that _____ .
A.
women are weaker than men, but faster
B.
women are slower than men, but stronger
C.
men are not always stronger and faster than women
D.
men are faster and stronger than women
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
C
系统解析：
推理判断题。作者在第一段提出了大多数人的看法：男人比女人强。接下来作者举了几个女人比男人强的例子。由此可判断作者是站在客观的立场上来叙述男女两性的差别的。所以选 C。
What do we mean by a satisfactory standard of living? Obviously, it must include the basic necessities of life such as food, clothing and shelter. To get these necessities on regular basis, a person must have a reliable income. But we have other needs which would probably also be included as basic, such as health and education facilities.
We may think of all of these as our needs. Yet most of us would be far from satisfied if we had nothing more than these which are supplied for us. We all enjoy extra income to spend on things like books, sports or hobbies. Sometimes we save some of this extra income to pay for future expense of this type on holidays. So we must add our wants to our basic needs. Our standard of living is the degree, to which these needs and wants are satisfied.
But as time goes on, what we think of as our basic needs changes. Twenty years ago a television would have been a luxury, and still is in many countries now. Even now we cannot say it is a need in the same sense as food, clothing and shelter. Yet if most of the people of a country have one it comes to be accented as a need . It is possible therefore to have food clothing and shelter and still be poor by the standards of our own society.
6
What we need in life is divided into _____ according to this article.
A.
the basic necessities and luxury
B.
many kinds of need such as food, clothing and houses
C.
four groups the basic necessities, luxury, reliable income and future expense
D.
the basic necessities and reliable income
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
A
系统解析：
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段作者举的例子，基本需求的概念是可以改变的，20 年前电视是一种奢侈品，但现在也已经成为了一种生活必需品。可见，在作者看来，有两种生活需求：一种是生活必需品，另一种就是奢侈品。所以选 A。
7
A person who gets the basic necessities must _____ according to the writer.
A.
have a reliable income
B.
learn how to please his manager
C.
finish his work ahead the time
D.
get a good education
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
A
系统解析：
事实细节题。根据文章第一段的第三句，要想持久地得到生活必需品，必须有一份可靠的收入。
8
We all enjoy _____ .
A.
having only reliable income
B.
having reliable income and extra income
C.
having nothing more than food and clothing
D.
having nothing more than reliable income
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
B
系统解析：
事实细节题。文章第二段提到，大多数人都不会仅仅满足于这些基本需要，我们都愿意再有一些额外的收入。所以应选 B。
9
With time going on, _____ .
A.
a luxury may change into a need which most people want to get
B.
the basic needs are getting smaller and smaller
C.
a luxury and the basic needs can be exchanged
D.
the basic needs can be changed into a luxury
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
A
系统解析：
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段所举的例子，基本需求的概念是可以改变的，20 年前电视是一种奢侈品，但现在也已经成为了一种生活必需品。可见奢侈品可转化成生活必需品。所以选 A。其他选项文章都未提到。
10
If most of the people of a country have a television, we _____ .
A.
can say the television is a need in the same sense as food and clothing and shelter
B.
can say the television must be in the basic necessities
C.
cannot say the television is in the basic necessities
D.
can say every family must have one
本题答案：
A
B
C
D
参考答案：
A
系统解析：
事实细节题。根据文章倒数第二句，如果全国大多数人都拥有电视的话，那么电视可视作一种必需品。所以选 A。
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