六级翻译历年真题第9关

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1 青海湖位于海拔3,205米、青海省省会西宁以西约100公里处，是中国最大的咸水湖，面积4,317平方公里，最深处25.5米。有23条河注入湖中，其中大部分是季节性的。百分之八十的湖水源于五条主要河流。青海湖位于跨越亚洲的几条候鸟迁徙路线的交叉处。许多鸟类把青海湖作为迁徙过程中的暂息地。湖的西侧是著名的“鸟岛”，吸引着来自世界各地的观鸟者。每年夏天，游客们也来这里观看国际自行车比赛。

参考答案：3,205 meters above the sea level, Qinghai Lake is located about 100 kilometers west of Xining, capital of Qinghai province in western China. Qinghai Lake, the largest saline lake in the country, has a surface area of 4,317 square kilometers with a maximum depth of 25.5 meters. Most of the 23 rivers and streams that empty into Qinghai Lake are seasonal. Five major streams provide 80% of the lake's total influx. Located at the crossroads of several bird migration routes across Asia, Qinghai Lake offers many species an intermediate stop during their migration. On the western side of the lake is the well-known "Bird Island", which attracts birdwatchers from across the globe. Every summer sees numerous visitors come here to watch the Qinghai Lake International Cycling Race.
系统解析：
1.翻译第一句时，句子较长，依照翻译时宜短不宜长的原则，要注意按照意群切分句子。“海拔……米”可译为be…meters above the sea level；“省会”还可译为provincial capital；“咸水湖”还可译为saltwater lake；“其中大部分……”也可选用of which的句式。
2.翻译第三句时，“百分之八十的……”也可以不调整句式，数字先行，翻译为：“80% of the lake's total influx originates from five major streams.”。
3.翻译第四句时，“位于……的交叉处”还可以译为lie at/be situated the intersection of/the meeting point of。“候鸟”可以译为migratory birds；“迁徙路线”可以译为migration routes。
4.翻译第五句时，“许多鸟类把……作为……”可用“鸟类”作主语，也可用“青海湖”作主语，可以译为：“Qinghai Lake serves as a temporary/makeshift habitat for many species during their migration.”。
5.翻译第六句时，“湖的西侧是……，吸引着……”这句还有另外一种处理方式，即“The 'Bird Island' which lies to the west of the lake, attracts…”。
6.翻译最后一句时，时态要明确，是一般现在时，“国际自行车比赛”可译为International Cycling Race/Event。

2 洞庭湖位于湖南省东北部，面积很大，但湖水很浅。洞庭湖是长江的蓄洪池，湖的大小很大程度上取决于季节变化。湖北和湖南两省因其与湖的相对位置而得名：湖北意为“湖的北边”，而湖南则为“湖的南边”。洞庭湖作为龙舟赛的发源地，在中国文化中享有盛名。据说龙舟赛始于洞庭湖东岸，为的是搜寻楚国爱国诗人屈原的遗体。龙舟赛与洞庭湖及周边的美景，每年都吸引着成千上万来自全国和世界各地的游客。

参考答案：Dongting Lake is a large, shallow lake in northeastern Hunan province, China. It is a flood basin of the Yangtze River. Hence, the lake's size largely depends on the season. The provinces of Hubei and Hunan are named after their location relative to the lake. Hubei means "North of the Lake" and Hunan, "South of the Lake". Dongting Lake is famous in Chinese culture as the birthplace of dragon boat racing, which is said to have begun on the eastern shores of Dongting Lake as a search for the body of Qu Yuan, the Chu poet (340 -278 BC). Together with the lake and its surrounding beauty, the racing appeals to thousands of tourists from other parts of China and beyond each year.
系统解析：
1.翻译第一句时，“位于...”常译为：Situated in/Located in...。
2.翻译第二句时，“……蓄洪池，湖的大小……”，前者属于事实背景，后面属于判断、表态，除了像参考译文那样翻译，还可译为：“As…, the lake changes its size as seasons change.”或“The lake is…, with its size changing with seasons.”
3.翻译第三句时，可像参考译文切分成几个短句，也可以找各分句的内在逻辑关系，前面属于判断表态，后面属于补充说明，可译为:“主句+with...”的句式。
4.翻译最后一句时，有两种处理方式，可像参考译文那样按照中文结构顺句翻译，也可将带有生命力的名词作主语，并遵循数字先行的原则，译为：“Tens of thousands of tourists from… come to Dongting Lake for the dragon boat racing and its beautiful lake view each year.”

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