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Carmakers Struggle With Electronic Parts Shortage
汽车制造商努力应对电子零件短缺
Carmakers -- including BMW, Fiat, Chrysler and Peugeot — warned this week that the worldwide semiconductor processor shortage will continue in 2021 and beyond. The shortage has affected both production and sales of automobiles.
宝马、菲亚特、克莱斯勒和标致等汽车制造商本周警告称，全球半导体处理器的短缺将持续到2021年及以后。这种短缺影响了汽车的生产和销售。
Last year, carmakers had to shut down plants because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Now they have to compete with the consumer electronics industry for the limited supplies that were also affected by the health crisis.
去年，由于新冠肺炎疫情，汽车制造商不得不关闭工厂。现在，他们必须与消费者电子行业竞争同样受到这场卫生危机影响的有限供应。
Automobiles have become increasingly dependent on processors, also known as chips. They are needed for computers to help engines with better fuel economy and assist drivers in emergency braking.
汽车越来越依赖于处理器，即芯片。计算机需要用它们来帮助发动机提高燃油经济性，并帮助司机紧急刹车。
Without a good supply of chips, carmakers have centered production on higher-profit models. The higher prices keep their businesses going even though they are selling fewer cars.
由于没有充足的芯片供应，汽车制造商已将生产集中在更高利润的模式上。尽管他们的汽车销量减少，但更高的价格使他们的业务得以继续。
Richard Palmer is the chief financial officer of Stellantis. The company sells cars under 14 brands including Fiat, Chrysler and Peugeot. He said the company did not expect chip supply to improve before the last three months of the year. That would mean a production loss of around 1.4 million vehicles for 2021.
理查德·帕尔默是斯特兰提斯公司的首席财务官。该公司销售菲亚特、克莱斯勒和标致等14个品牌的汽车。他表示，该公司预计芯片供应在今年最后三个月之前不会改善。这意味着2021年的汽车产量将减少约140万辆。
BMW, so far, has been less affected by the chip shortage than others. That is because of its strong relations with its suppliers. But the German carmaker warned that there will be more problems during the second half of this year.
到目前为止，宝马公司受芯片短缺的影响比其他公司要小。这是因为宝马与供应商关系密切。但这家德国汽车制造商警告称，今年下半年将出现更多问题。
"The longer the supply bottlenecks last, the more tense the situation is likely to become," BMW chief financial officer Nicolas Peter said in a statement. "We expect production restrictions to continue in the second half of the year." Those restrictions will cause a lower number of sales, he added.
宝马公司首席财务官尼古拉斯·彼得在一份声明中表示，“供应瓶颈的持续时间越长，形势就可能变得越紧张。我们预计生产限制将在今年下半年继续。”他还表示，这些限制将导致销量下降。
Slowing production
生产放缓
Carmakers such as Tesla and Ford have also warned that for the near future, a lack of chips is slowing production. "While we're making cars at full speed, the global chip shortage situation remains quite serious," Tesla CEO Elon Musk said last week.
特斯拉和福特等汽车制造商也警告称，在不久的将来，芯片短缺将导致生产放缓。特斯拉首席执行官埃隆·马斯克上周表示，“虽然我们正在全速生产汽车，但全球芯片短缺的情况仍然相当严重。”
German chipmaker Infineon Technologies confirmed the shortage on Tuesday. The company said the latest wave of COVID-19 cases slows the production of materials in Asia. And the amounts of goods available have now hit all-time lows.
德国芯片制造商英飞凌科技公司周二证实存在芯片短缺。该公司表示，最新一波新冠肺炎病例减缓导致亚洲材料生产减缓。现在，商品供应量创下历史新低。
Reinhard Ploss is the Chief Executive Officer of Infineon. He told economists that a sharp limit to supplies is hurting the recovery of worldwide car markets. He observed that "it will take time to get back" to a balance between supply and demand. "In our view, this will take until well into 2022," Ploss added.
莱因哈德·普洛斯是英飞凌公司的首席执行官。他对经济学家表示，对供应的严格限制正在损害全球汽车市场的复苏。他注意到，“恢复”供需平衡“需要时间”。普洛斯还表示，“在我们看来，这种情况将持续到2022年”。
The Ifo economic research group in Munich, Germany said Tuesday that the German car industry and its suppliers faced the worst chip supply shortage in 30 years. Its study showed that the shortage has affected 83 percent of companies, up from 65 percent in April.
德国慕尼黑的IFO经济研究所周二表示，德国汽车工业及其供应商面临着30年来最严重的芯片供应短缺。他的研究表明，短缺影响了83%的公司，高于4月份的65%。
Oliver Falck is an Ifo researcher. He said, "This is leading to production stoppages. The shortages of semiconductors will persist for some time to come."
奥利弗·福尔克是IFO的研究员。他表示，“这会导致停产。半导体的短缺将持续一段时间。”
I'm Jill Robbins.
我是吉尔·罗宾斯。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
